Biologics What is a Biologic?Why are Biologics prescribed?What are the possible side-effects?What else should I know about Biologics?What is a Biologic?This group of drugs includes anti-TNFs – which work by blocking the action of a chemical called tumour necrosis factor (TNF), which increases inflammation when excess amounts are present in the blood or joints. Other biological therapies target different proteins.Why are Biologics prescribed?Specific anti-TNFs include etanercept (Enbrel), infliximab (Remicade),certolizumab (Cimzia), golimumab ( Simponi) and adalimumab (Humira). Though they are not free of side effects and aren’t suitable for everyone, for people with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis who have not been helped by older disease-modifying drugs, Anti –TNF drugs can be very effective.They can be used by themselves or taken in conjunction with methotrexate or another DMARD such as leflunomide which is a form of combination therapy. Anti-TNF’s can begin to make a change from one to twelve weeks. While these drugs will reduce symptoms and decrease further joint damage, they will not cure the disease.Other biologic treatments for rheumatoid arthritis have become available since anti-TNFs were developed. They target different parts of the immune system thought to play a part in inflammatory arthritis. These include rituximab (MabThera), abatacept (Orencia), tocilizumab (RoActemra) and ustekinumab (Stelara).What are the possible side-effects?Because these drugs affect your immune system, you may be more susceptible to infection and other side effects. So, if you develop a sore throat or other new symptoms, you should tell your doctor or nurse immediately. People on DMARD treatment should have their blood count and liver enzymes checked regularly.You should always read the patient information leaflet included with your medicines package to keep you informed about any possible side effects of your prescribed medications.What else should I know about Biologics?The HSE recommends that all people taking immunosuppressants and steroid tablets should have yearly flu vaccinations and pneumonia vaccinations every five years.Some other vaccinations can be dangerous, so it is very important to discuss immunisation with your GP before starting any immunosuppressant medication.Back to topPage updated 12 May 2021 Manage Cookie Preferences